| Marilyn M Schapira | and Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako are with the Center for Emergency Care Policy and Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, MD. Erik P. Hess is with the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, MN. Jeanmarie Perrone is with the Center for Addiction Medicine and Policy, University of Pennsylvania. Lance Becker is with the Department of Emergency Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, NY. Carolyn C. Cannuscio is with the Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania. Greg Ridgeway is with the Department of Criminology, University of Pennsylvania. Marilyn M. Schapira is with the Center for Health Equity and Research Promotion, Philadelphia VA Medical Center. |